There are various manufacturing processes for springs, but their main forming dimensions are two main types: cold forming and hot forming.
In the cold forming process of springs, the production of springs mainly uses oil quenching and tempering materials, lead bath toughening heat treatment spring wires, cold drawing strengthening wires, etc. In the process of manufacturing springs using these materials, specialized heat treatment is generally not required and only stress relief annealing is required. The design work stress of springs is related to the properties of the materials used. The cold forming process of springs is generally suitable for special-shaped springs with smaller wire diameters or more complex shapes, such as springs with wire diameters less than 15mm, various types of snap, pull, twist, convex, concave, and curved springs. The characteristic of cold forming process is that the factory process is simple, avoiding deformation and decarburization caused by further heat treatment.
In the hot forming process of springs, the production of springs mainly uses hot-rolled materials, annealed materials, annealed cold drawn materials, etc. Using these materials to manufacture springs requires heating, quenching, and tempering heat treatment. The design work stress of springs is related to the selected materials and heat treatment process. The hot forming process of springs is generally suitable for springs with larger wire diameters or simpler shapes, such as various cylindrical or conical springs with wire diameters greater than 6mm. The characteristic of hot forming technology is that the product has a significant value-added effect and can produce springs with larger wire diameters.
